Speaking from a ballistic-missile submarine base in Brittany, French President Emmanuel Macron confirmed an increase in France’s nuclear warheads and pledged decisive action to defend the country’s “vital interests,” stating, “In this very dangerous and unstable world… in order to be free, we have to be feared.”
“I have ordered an increase in the number of nuclear warheads in our arsenal,” Macron said, adding that future stockpile figures will no longer be disclosed.
The president outlined a forward nuclear deterrence strategy with European partners, distinct yet complementary to NATO. He said eight EU countries have expressed interest, including the UK, Germany, Poland, Netherlands, Belgium, Greece, Sweden, and Denmark, which could host strategic French air assets.
Key developments:
• France currently holds an estimated 290 nuclear warheads (SIPRI).
• France and Germany will establish a high-ranking nuclear steering group.
• Paris, London, and Berlin will collaborate on long-range missile projects.
• France will commission a new ballistic-missile submarine, Invincible, by 2036.
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